Stainless Steel Grade 314 (UNS S31400)

Topics Covered

Introduction
Chemical Composition
Mechanical Properties
Other Designations
Manufacturing Process
Applications

Introduction

Stainless steel grade 314 has excellent high-temperature resistance characteristics among the chromium-nickel steels series. The silicon content in this material improves oxidation and carburization resistance; however, it can become very brittle when subjected to prolonged temperatures of 649-816°C (1200- 1500°F).

The following datasheet provides an overview of stainless steel grade 314.

Chemical Composition

The chemical composition of grade 314 steel is outlined in the following table.

Element Content (%)
Iron, fe Balance
Chromium, Cr 23-26
Nickel, Ni 19-22
Manganese, Mn 2
Silicon, Si 1.5-3
Carbon, C 0.25
Sulfur, S 0.03
Phosphorous, P 0.045

Mechanical Properties

The mechanical properties of grade 314 stainless steel are displayed in the following table.

Properties Metric Imperial
Tensile strength 689 MPa 99900 psi
Yield strength 345 MPa 50000 psi
Modulus of elasticity 200 GPa 29000 ksi
Elongation at break (in 50 mm) 40% 40%
Hardness, Rockwell B 85 85

Other Designations

Equivalent materials to grade 314 stainless steel are given below.

AFNOR Z 12 CNS 25.20 DIN 1.4841 UNI X 16 CrNiSi 25 20 UNI X 22 CrNi 25 20 JIS SUS Y 31O
B.S. 310 S 24 AMS 5522 AMS 5652 ASTM A276 ASTM A314
ASTM A473 ASTM A580 SAE 30314 SAE J405 (30314)  

Manufacturing Process

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Stainless steel grade 314 can be heat treated by annealing the material at 1038-1149°C (1900-2100°F), and then quenching in water or rapidly air cooling. Grade 314 steel can be hardened only through cold working. To perform machinability of grade 314, coolant and high-speed turning tools are recommended.

After slowly heating the material to 871°C (1600°F), it should be thoroughly soaked, and then followed by quickly heating to 1093 -1232°C (2000-2250°F) , to perform forging, flanging, or working.

Applications

Grade 314 steel is widely used in the following applications:

  • Radiant tubes
  • Equipment for furnaces
  • Heat treatment components
  • Annealing and carburizing boxes

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