Specifications for InnerArmor Wear Resistant Coatings

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InnerArmor technology is flexible and offers virtually unlimited coating possibilities which can be applied to a wide range of base materials. And the specifications are easily tailored to meet specific application requirements, providing hardness, wear resistance, corrosion control, erosion resistance, temperature resistance, whatever is needed…

For example, in corrosive or erosive environments, thicker films may be preferred. While high-precision, dimension-critical applications may require thinner films. Harder films can best stand up to high abrasion factors. While softer films may be selected when maximum ductility or pliability is needed.

InnerArmor coatings can provide all of the above. Plus, they can combine multiple coating layers to deliver unique and finely-tuned performance characteristics.

InnerArmor Corrosion Control Coating Specification

InnerArmor Corrosion Control is a multi-layer coating that protects against corrosive and aggressive media, including acids, salts and hydrogen sulfide (H₂S). The specifications of InnerArmor corrosion control are as follows:

Table 1. InnerArmor corrosion control coating specification

Property
Environment	Hydrogen sulfide (H₂S), hydrofluoric acid (HF), hydrochloric acid (HCl), nitric acid (HNO₃), sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄), salt, methane (CH₄), CO/CO₂
Corrosion Resistance 18% HCl Test (submerged at 200°F for 8 hours): Sour Autoclave Test (NACE TM 0185): Salt Spray Test (ASTM B117 >500 hours):	No undercutting, passed 67.5 volts holiday test No undercutting, passed 67.5 volts holiday test No effect
Hardness	1200 HV / 12 GPa (1000–1500 HV, to suit application)
Young's Modulus (E-Modulus)	100 GPa (100–120 GPa)
Adhesion to Steel	Excellent
Coating Thickness	30–80 microns (to suit application)
Color	Grey-Black
Applicable Substrates	Carbon Steel, Stainless Steel, Inconel®718, Ti/Ti Alloys, Ni/Ni Alloys
Max Environment Temperature	Up to 752°F (400°C)
Deposition Rate	Typical > 0.6 micron/minute
Deposition Temperature	248°F – 392°F (120°C–200°C) (substrate dependent)

InnerArmor Sliding Wear Coating Specification

InnerArmor Sliding Wear Coating delivers wear resistance in wet, dry, oil, or drilling mud envi- ronments for applications such as reciprocating pistons and pumps. The specifications of InnerArmor sliding wear coatings are as follows:

Table 2. InnerArmor sliding wear coating specification

Property	Hard Coating	Ultra-Hard Coatings
Environment	Wet, Dry, Oil, Drilling Mud	Dry, Oil
Hardness	1200 HV / 12 GPa (1000–1500 HV)	2500 HV / 25 GPa (2000–3000HV)
Young's Modulus (E-Modulus)	100 GPa (100–120 GPa)	170 GPa (150–200 GPa)
Sliding Wear Rate (25N load w/ WC sphere surface)	Typical 5.0E-07 mm³/Nm (Dry)	Typical 5.0E-07 mm³/Nm (Dry)
Coefficient of Friction	< 0.05 (Dry)	< 0.05 (Dry)
Coating Thickness	1–60 microns	1–60 microns
Color	Grey-Black	Grey-Black
Applicable Substrates	Carbon Steel, Stainless Steel, Al, Inconel®718, Ti/Ti Alloys, Ni/Ni Alloys	Carbon Steel, Stainless Steel, Inconel®718, Ti/Ti Alloys, Ni/Ni Alloys
Max Environment Temperature	Up to 752°F (400°C)	Up to 752°F (400°C)
Deposition Rate	Typical > 0.7 micron/minute	Typical > 0.5 micron/minute
Deposition Temperature	248°F – 392°F (120°C–200°C) (substrate dependent)	248°F – 392°F (120°C–200°C) (substrate dependent)

InnerArmor Abrasive Wear Specification

InnerArmor abrasive wear coating – protects against erosion wear in high velocity sand and other particle flow environments. The specifications of InnerArmor abrasive wear coatings are as follows:

Table 3. InnerArmor abrasive wear coating specification

Property
Abrasion Resistance: ASTM G65	Passed
Hardness	2000 HV / 20 GPa (1800–2200 HV, to suit application)
Young's Modulus (E-Modulus)	170 GPa (150–200 GPa)
Sliding Wear Rate (25N load w/ WC sphere surface)	Typical 5.1E-07 mm³/Nm (Dry)
Coefficient of Friction (25N load with WC sphere surface)	< 0.05 (Dry)
Adhesion to Steel	Excellent
Coating Thickness	50–80 microns (to suit application)
Color	Grey-Black
Applicable Substrates	Carbon Steel, Stainless Steel, Al, Inconel®718, Ti/Ti Alloys, Ni/Ni Alloys
Max Environment Temperature	Up to 752°F (400°C)
Deposition Rate	Typical > 0.4 micron/minute
Deposition Temperature	248°F – 392°F (120°C–200°C) (substrate dependent)

InnerArmor Erosion Wear Specification

InnerArmor Erosion Wear Coating – protects against erosion wear in high velocity sand and other particle flow environments. The specifications of InnerArmor Erosion Wear Coatings are as follows:

Table 4. InnerArmor erosion wear coating specification

Property
Erosion Resistance: ASTM G76	Passed, no erosion damage to surface
Hardness	2000 HV / 20 GPa (1800–2200 HV, to suit application)
Young's Modulus (E-Modulus)	170 GPa (between 150–200 GPa)
Sliding Wear Rate (25N load w/ WC sphere surface)	Typical 5.1E-07 mm³/Nm (Dry)
Coefficient of Friction (25N load with WC sphere surface)	< 0.05 (Dry)
Adhesion to Steel	Excellent
Coating Thickness	50–80 microns (to suit application)
Color	Grey-Black
Applicable Substrates	Carbon Steel, Stainless Steel, Al, Inconel®718, Ti/Ti Alloys, Ni/Ni Alloys
Max Environment Temperature	Up to 752°F (400°C)
Deposition Rate	Typical > 0.4 micron/minute
Deposition Temperature	248°F – 392°F (120°C–200°C) (substrate dependent)

InnerArmor Flex Wear Specification

InnerArmor Flex Wear Coating – protects flexible metals (e.g., aluminum) against wear and corrosion. The specifications of InnerArmor Flex Wear Coatings are as follows:

Table 5. InnerArmor flex wear coating specification

Property
Flexibility	Bendable to 120 degrees depending upon substrate thickness
Hardness	2000 HV / 20 GPa (1000–2500 HV, to suit application)
Young's Modulus (E-Modulus)	109 GPa (85–140 GPa)
Sliding Wear Rate (25N load w/ WC sphere surface)	Typical 3.9E-07 mm³/Nm (Dry)
Coefficient of Friction (25N load with WC sphere surface)	< 0.01 (Dry)
Adhesion to Steel Foil (0.01 inch thick)	15 Newton-scratch test
Coating Thickness	12 microns
Color	Grey-Black
Applicable Substrates	Stainless Steel, Aluminum, other conductive foils
Max Environment Temperature	Up to 752°F (400°C)
Deposition Rate	Typical > 0.4 micron/minute
Deposition Temperature	248°F – 392°F (120°C–200°C) (substrate dependent)

Custom Combinations of InnerArmor Coating

To address specific application requirements InnerArmor coatings can be designed to protect against a combination of wear, erosion, and/or corrosion. In addition, InnerArmor can employ near-frictionless diamond-like carbon coatings for improved part performance.

Applications of InnerArmor Coating

InnerArmor coatings have been successfully tested across many applications including:

Oil and gas applications – surface, subsea and downhole drilling, completion and production equipment
Automotive applications – pistons, valves, tappets, cylinders, cylinder liners
General applications – pump cylinders, gate valves, shut-off sleeves

Materials for InnerArmor Coating

InnerArmor coatings may be created out of virtually anything that can be ionized. The technology is capable of depositing carbon-based coatings, metals and oxides. And the coatings may be either conductive or non-conductive. Titanium nitride, tantalum carbide, chromium carbide, silicon carbide, silicon oxi-carbide and diamond-like carbon (DLC) films are but a few examples. Inner Armor can also be applied at very high deposition rates, compared to external plasma CVD methods, lowering processing costs.

This information has been sourced, reviewed and adapted from materials provided by Sub-One Technology - Pipe and Tube Coatings.

For more information on this source, please visit Sub-One Technology - Pipe and Tube Coatings.

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