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This is a field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) image of 3D honeycomb-structured graphene. The novel material can replace platinum in dye-sensitized solar cells will virtually no loss of generating capacity. Image Credit: Hui Wang
A unique, honeycomb-like version of the wonder material graphene could become a viable replacement for expensive platinum in dye-sensitized solar cells.
Dye-sensitised solar cells are currently one of the most promising means of generating solar energy available, and are based on a photoelectrochemical system utilising a semiconductive material. These solar cells are translucent, semi-flexible and relatively easy to make via roll-printing methods.
The majority of the materials utilised are also cost-effective, but it has been found to be difficult to replace the platinum needed (a pricey component at $1500 an ounce) with something cheaper, whilst retaining good efficiency.
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Dye-sensitised solar cells are very promising in the field of solar power, but the necessary platinum is extremely expensive. Image credit: photos.com.
Now, a team from Michigan Technological University has created a 3D version of graphene that could one day replace platinum as the material of choice in solar cell counter electrodes.
The 3D graphene is relatively cheap to use compared to platinum and does not compromise the
performance of solar cell. The unique material has incredibly high catalytic activity and conductivity, and converts a comparable amount of the sun’s energy into electricity – 7.8% as opposed to the 8% achieved by platinum.
The synthesis of 3D graphene is also relatively simple according to the material’s developer Yun Hang Hu. Hu and his team formed lithium carbonate and graphene via a chemical reaction between lithium oxide and carbon monoxide. The lithium carbonate is fundamental to the creation of the unique 3D structure, as it helps to isolate and shape individual graphene sheets so as to prevent ‘common’ graphene from being produced. The lithium carbonate can also be removed easily using acid at a later time.
Graphene, the famously 2D carbon material, has many beneficial intrinsic properties such as excellent conductivity, high strength-weight ratio and incredible flexibility. Much work has recently been undertaken to try and adapt graphene so it can be utilised in industrial applications, but there are some stumbling blocks. For example, one of the main issues surrounding graphene is that it is that it is not a true semi-conductor, but rather a zero-band gap material, making electrical properties hard to control. With pioneering work such as that undertaken by Hu and his team however, positive steps are being taken towards making the graphene revolution a reality.
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The famous 2D form of graphene. Several drawbacks are currently preventing graphene from being utilised industrially, but work is on-going to overcome these.
Original Source: Michigan Technological University
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