Sensitization occurs when repeated exposure to certain chemicals leads to an allergic reaction. The main routes for sensitization are direct skin contact to chemical products or inhalation of chemical vapors, dust or gases.
Continued chemical exposure, causing irritation or inflammation, can lead to a person developing an allergic response, whereby even exposure to trace amounts will cause a severe reaction (e.g., eczema or industrial asthma).
Sensitization is irreversible. Once sensitization to a substance has occurred, the individual is no longer able to work with any products that contain that substance. If applied consistently, good industrial hygiene can prevent sensitization in the workplace.
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Respiratory Sensitization From Atmospheric Contaminants
Respiratory sensitization occurs when gases, dust, or vapors are inhaled and gain access to the respiratory tract, resulting in irritation, inflammation, and, eventually, an allergic response. Signifiers of respiratory sensitization include coughing or wheezing, which lead to industrial asthma due to repeated exposure.
- Ensure suitable ventilation/extraction to prevent exposure to chemical vapors and dust.
- If appropiate extraction cannot be ensured, use suitable respirators (recommendations for respirator/ filter type can be found in section 8.2 of the product SDS).
- Exercise caution when heating chemical products, as this can increase vapor pressure and lead to greater exposure.
Skin Sensitization Through Direct Skin Contact
Repeated skin contact to chemicals can also cause skin sensitization. The hands and wrists are particularly vulnerable, but caution is also necessary with personal protective equipment (PPE), such as glasses or masks, which come into contact with the face. Signs of skin sensitization include itching or inflammation of the exposed area, which can progress to dermal eczema with repeated exposure.
- Use appropriate chemical safety gloves and switch them out regularly. Also, make sure they are worn and removed correctly to avoid contamination.
- Additional disposable arm/ wrist protectors can be worn when working in confined spaces or when splashing is a risk.
- Regularly wash hands with soap and dry them with disposable towels. Avoid using strong detergents or solvents for skin cleaning.
- Regularly clean items that are in direct skin contact (such as glasses, goggles, respirator masks, or watch straps) with suitable detergent or isopropyl alcohol.
- Avoid chemical contamination of surfaces and equipment in the work area – for example, door or cupboard handles and workstation keyboards.
This information has been sourced, reviewed and adapted from materials provided by Huntsman Advanced Materials.
For more information on this source, please visit Huntsman Advanced Materials.