Sep 27 2012
Topics Covered
Introduction
Annealed Tempers ‘OS’ series
Annealed Tempers ‘O’ series
Cold-Worked Tempers
Manufactured Tempers
Solution Heat-Treated Temper
Quench-Hardened Tempers
Solution Heat-Treated and Cold-Worked Tempers
Spinodal Heat Treated Temper
Precipitation Heat-Treated Temper
Cold-Worked and Precipitation Heat-Treated Tempers
Mill-Hardened Tempers
Cold Worked and Spinodal Heat Treated Tempers
Precipitation Heat-Treated or Spinodal Heat-Treated,
Cold-Worked, and Thermal Stress-Relieved Tempers
Precipitation Heat-Treated or Spinodal Heat-Treated and
Cold-Worked Tempers
Tube, Welded, Cold-Worked and Stress Relieved Tempers
Tube, Welded and Cold-Worked Tempers
Tube, As-Welded Tempers
Tube, Welded, and Fully Finished Tempers
Tube, Welded and Annealed Tempers
Introduction
Temper designations for copper alloys and copper products are
indicated by the standard ASTM B601. This standard defines the
terminology of the processes responsible for the production of tempers
and is also based on the occurrence of changes within the product
during these processes. An alphanumeric code is developed by the
standard ASTM B60. This coding system is used to provide designations
to the product tempers.
The tables given below highlight the classification of tempers
according to terminology used by manufactures of copper alloy and
copper products in the US.
Annealed Tempers ‘OS’ series
OS-series tempers are designed to produce materials with specific
standard or special grain size requirements by annealing.
| OS005 |
Average grain size, 0,005mm |
| OS010 |
Average grain size, 0,010mm |
| OS015 |
Average grain size, 0,015mm |
| OS025 |
Average grain size, 0,025mm |
| OS035 |
Average grain size, 0,035mm |
| OS050 |
Average grain size, 0,050mm |
| OS060 |
Average grain size, 0,060mm |
| OS070 |
Average grain size, 0,070mm |
| OS100 |
Average grain size, 0,100mm |
| OS120 |
Average grain size, 0,120mm |
| OS150 |
Average grain size, 0,150mm |
| OS200 |
Average grain size, 0,200mm |
Annealed Tempers ‘O’ series
O-series tempers are designed to produce materials with specific
mechanical properties by annealing.
| O10 |
Cast and annealed (homogenized) |
| O11 |
As-cast and precipitation heat treated |
| O20 |
Hot forged and annealed |
| O25 |
Hot rolled and annealed |
| O30 |
Hot extruded and annealed |
| O31 |
Extruded and precipitation heat treated |
| O40 |
Hot pierced and annealed |
| O50 |
Light annealed |
| O60 |
Soft annealed |
| O61 |
Annealed |
| O65 |
Drawing annealed |
| O68 |
Deep-drawing annealed |
| O70 |
Dead-soft annealed |
| O80 |
Annealed to temper,1/8 hard |
| O81 |
Annealed to temper,1/4 hard |
| O82 |
Annealed to temper,1/2 hard |
Cold-Worked Tempers
H-series tempers are designed to produce materials with specific
quantities of stress-relieved, cold work and cold-worked (drawn)
tempers, HR-tempers, order-strengthening tempers and HT-Tempers by cold
working.
| H00 |
1/8 hard |
| H01 |
1/4 hard |
| H02 |
1/2 hard |
| H03 |
3/4 hard |
| H04 |
Hard |
| H06 |
Extra hard |
| H08 |
Spring |
| H10 |
Extra spring |
| H12 |
Special spring |
| H13 |
Ultra spring |
| H14 |
Super spring |
| H50 |
Extruded and drawn |
| H52 |
Pierced and drawn |
| H55 |
Light drawn;light cold rolled |
| H58 |
Drawn general purpose |
| H60 |
Cold heading; forming |
| H63 |
Rivet |
| H64 |
Screw |
| H66 |
Bold |
| H70 |
Bending |
| H80 |
Hard drawn |
| H85 |
Medium-hard-drawn electrical wire |
| H86 |
Hard-drawn electrical wire |
| H90 |
As-finned |
| HR01 |
H01and stress relieved |
| HR02 |
H02 and stress relieved |
| HR04 |
H04and stress relieved |
| HR08 |
H08 and stress relieved |
| HR10 |
H10and stress relieved |
| HR20 |
As-finned |
| HR50 |
Drawn and stress relieved |
| HT04 |
H04 and order heat treated |
| HT08 |
H08 and order heat treated |
Manufactured Tempers
M series tempers are designed to produce materials by manufacturing
operations that include casting and hot working.
| M01 |
As-sand cast |
| M02 |
As-centrifugal cast |
| M03 |
As-plaster cast |
| M04 |
As-pressure die cast |
| M05 |
As-permanent mold cast |
| M06 |
As-investment cast |
| M07 |
As-continuous cast |
| M10 |
As-hot forged and air cooled |
| M11 |
As-forged and quenched |
| M20 |
As-hot rolled |
| M30 |
As-hot extruded |
| M40 |
As-hot pierced |
| M45 |
As-hot pierced and rerolled |
Solution Heat-Treated Temper
TB-series tempers are designed to produce materials with solution
heat treating precipitation hardenable or spinodal hardenable alloys.
| TB00 |
Solution heat treated |
Quench-Hardened Tempers
TQ-series tempers are designed to produce materials by quench
hardening treatments.
| TQ00 |
Quench hardened |
| TQ50 |
Quench hardened and temper annealed |
| TQ55 |
Quench hardened and temper annealed cold drawn and stress
relieved |
| TQ75 |
Interrupted quench hardened |
Solution Heat-Treated and Cold-Worked Tempers
D-series tempers are designed to produce materials by controlled
amounts of cold work of solution heat-treated precipitation hardenable
or spinodal hardenable alloys.
| D00 |
TB00 cold worked to 1/8 hard |
| D01 |
TB00 cold worked to 1/4 hard |
| D02 |
TB00 cold worked to 1/2 hard |
| D03 |
TB00 cold worked to 3/4 hard |
| D04 |
TB00 cold worked to full hard |
Spinodal Heat Treated Temper
TX-series tempers are designed to produce materials by spinodal heat
treatment of spinodal hardenable alloys.
Precipitation Heat-Treated Temper
F-series tempers are designed to produce materials by precipitation
heat treatment of precipitation-hardenable alloys.
| F00 |
TB00 and precipitation hardened |
Cold-Worked and Precipitation Heat-Treated Tempers
TH-series tempers are designed in alloys that have been solution
heat treated, cold worked, and precipitation heat treated.
| TH01 |
TD01 and precipitation hardened |
| TH02 |
TD02 and precipitation hardened |
| TH03 |
TD03 and precipitation hardened |
| TH04 |
TD04 and precipitation |
Mill-Hardened Tempers
TM-series tempers are designed to produce heat-treated materials
supplied by the mill resulting from combinations of cold work and
precipitation heat treatment or spinodal heat treatment.
| TM00 |
AM |
| TM01 |
1/4 HM |
| TM02 |
1/2 HM |
| TM04 |
HM |
| TM06 |
XHM |
| TM08 |
XHMS |
Cold Worked and Spinodal Heat Treated Tempers
TS-series tempers are produced in alloys that have been cold worked,
spinodal heat treated and solution heat treated.
| TS00 |
1/8 hard and spinodal hardened (1/8 TS) |
| TS01 |
1/4 hard and spinodal hardened (1/4 TS) |
| TS02 |
1/2 hard and spinodal hardened (1/2 TS) |
| TS03 |
3/4 hard and spinodal hardened (3/4 TS) |
| TS04 |
Hard and spinodal hardened |
| TS06 |
Extra hard and spinodal hardened |
| TS08 |
Spring and spinodal hardened |
| TS10 |
Extra spring and spinodal hardened |
| TS12 |
Special spring and spinodal hardened |
| TS13 |
Ultra spring and spinodal hardened |
| TS14 |
Super spring and spinodal hardened |
Precipitation Heat-Treated or Spinodal
Heat-Treated, Cold-Worked, and Thermal Stress-Relieved Tempers
TR-series tempers are designed to be produced in spinodal
heat-treated or cold-worked precipiation heat-treated alloys by thermal
stress relief.
| TR01 |
TL01 and stress relieved |
| TR02 |
TL02 and stress relieved |
| TR04 |
TL04 and stress relieved |
Precipitation Heat-Treated or Spinodal
Heat-Treated and Cold-Worked Tempers
TL-series tempers are designed to be produced by cold working the
spinodal heat-treated or precipitation heat-treated alloys.
| TL00 |
TF00 cold worked to 1/8 hard |
| TL01 |
TF00 cold worked to 1/4 hard |
| TL02 |
TF00 cold worked to 1/2 hard |
| TL04 |
TF00 cold worked to full hard |
| TL08 |
TF00 cold worked to spring |
| TL10 |
TF00 cold worked to extra spring |
Tube, Welded, Cold-Worked and Stress Relieved
Tempers
WR-series tempers are designed as a result of forming, welding, cold
working, and stress relieving when producing a tube.
| WR00 |
WM00; drawn and stress relieved |
| WR01 |
WM01; drawn and stress relieved |
| WR02 |
WM02; drawn and stress relieved |
| WR03 |
WM03; drawn and stress relieved |
| WR04 |
WM04; drawn and stress relieved |
| WR06 |
WM06; drawn and stress relieved |
Tube, Welded and Cold-Worked Tempers
WH-series tempers are designed as a result of forming, welding, and
cold working when producing a tube.
| WH00 |
Welded and drawn to 1/8 hard |
| WH01 |
Welded and drawn to 1/4 hard |
| WH02 |
Welded and drawn to 1/2 hard |
| WH03 |
Welded and drawn to 3/4 hard |
| WH04 |
Welded and drawn to full hard |
| WH06 |
Welded and drawn to extra hard |
Tube, As-Welded Tempers
WM-series tempers are designed as a result of forming and welding
when producing a tube.
| WM00 |
As welded from H00 (1/8-hard) strip |
| WM01 |
As welded from H01 (1/4-hard) strip |
| WM02 |
As welded from H02 (1/2-hard) strip |
| WM03 |
As welded from H03 (3/4-hard) strip |
| WM04 |
As welded from H04 (full-hard) strip |
| WM06 |
As welded from H06 (extra-hard) strip |
| WM08 |
As welded from H08 (spring) strip |
| WM10 |
As welded from H010 (extra-spring) strip |
| WM15 |
WM50 and stress relieved |
| WM20 |
WM00 and stress relieved |
| WM21 |
WM01 and stress relieved |
| WM22 |
WM02 and stress relieved |
| WM50 |
As welded from annealed strip |
Tube, Welded, and Fully Finished Tempers
These tempers are designed as a result of cold working a welded cold
worked and annealed tube, or annealing a welded and cold worked tube.
The weld area is transformed into a wrought structure with the standard
temper designations.
Tube, Welded and Annealed Tempers
WO-series tempers are designed by forming, welding, and annealing
when producing a tube.