Sep 21 2012
Topics Covered
IntroductionChemical CompositionPhysical PropertiesMechanical PropertiesOther DesignationsFabrication and Heat Treatment Machinability Welding Forging Hot Working Cold Working AnnealingApplications
Introduction
Pure copper has high electrical and thermal conductivity. Alloys can be freely formed by copper. UNS C12000 copper has 95% IACS conductivity, low residual phosphorus, and high embrittlement resistance. It is available in the form of rod, tube, and wire.
Chemical Composition
The chemical composition of UNS C12000 copper is outlined in the following table.
| Element |
Content (%) |
| Cu |
99.9 |
| P |
0.008 |
Physical Properties
The physical properties of UNS C12000 copper are tabulated below.
| Properties |
Metric |
Imperial |
| Density |
8.89 g/cm3 |
0.321 lb/in3 |
| Melting point |
1083°C |
1981°F |
Mechanical Properties
The following table shows mechanical properties of UNS C12000 copper.
| Properties |
Metric |
Imperial |
| Tensile strength, ultimate |
221 - 393 MPa |
32100 - 57000 psi |
| Tensile strength, yield (depending on temper) |
69.0 - 365 MPa |
10000 - 52900 psi |
| Elongation at break ( in 101.6 mm (4 in.)) |
55% |
55% |
| Machinability (UNS C36000 (free-cutting brass) = 100%) |
20% |
20% |
| Poisson's ratio |
0.34 |
0.34 |
| Elastic modulus |
117 GPa |
16970 ksi |
Other Designations
Other designations that are equivalent to UNS C12000 copper are listed in the following table.
| ASME SB111 |
ASTM B152 |
ASTM B359 |
ASTM B506 |
ASTM B716 |
| ASME SB133 |
ASTM B187 |
ASTM B372 |
ASTM B623 |
ASTM B743 |
| ASME SB359 |
ASTM B188 |
ASTM B395 |
ASTM B638 |
ASTM B75 |
| ASME SB395 |
ASTM B224 |
ASTM B42 |
ASTM B640 |
ASTM B88 |
| ASME SB42 |
ASTM B272 |
ASTM B442 |
ASTM B641 |
MIL B-18907 |
| ASME SB75 |
ASTM B280 |
ASTM B447 |
ASTM B68 |
MIL B-20292 |
| ASTM B111 |
ASTM B302 |
ASTM B451 |
ASTM B687 |
MIL T-24107 |
| ASTM B133 |
ASTM B306 |
ASTM B5 |
ASTM B698 |
MIL T-3235 |
| SAE J463 |
MIL W-85 |
SAE J461 |
|
|
Fabrication and Heat Treatment
Machinability
The machinability rate of UNS C12000 copper is 20%
Welding
Brazing, gas shielded arc welding, oxyacetylene welding, soldering, and butt welding are the methods used for welding UNS C12000 copper. It is suggested that seam welding, coated metal arc welding, and spot welding are not used for welding this alloy.
Forging
Forging of UNS C12000 copper can be performed at a temperature of about 760 to 871°C (1400 to 1600°F). This alloy has good forgeability.
Hot Working
UNS C12000 copper has excellent hot working capacity.
Cold Working
UNS C12000 copper has good excellent cold working capacity.
Annealing
Annealing of UNS C12000 copper can be performed at 372 to 649°C (700 to 1200°F).
Applications
UNS C12000 copper finds applications in bus bars and electromechanical hardware connectors.