Loss-on-Drying Technique for the Determination of Moisture in Feed

The TGM800 is a thermogravimetric analyzer developed for the direct determination of moisture content of materials with a loss-on-drying method. The loss in mass of the sample is measured as a function of the oven temperature by regulating the ventilation rate and atmosphere.

TGM800

Accurate determination of moisture content in feed products offers significant information associated with the food quality and safety (taste, texture, microbial stability) and also an important variable used to calculate a product’s yield, purity, and/or resulting constituent analysis on a dry basis.

Sample Preparation

Samples must be powdered to pass through a 1.0 mm screen.

Method Reference

AOAC Official Method 930.15 Moisture in Animal Feed

Fixed Drying Time Method

With 2.4 inch crucible using ~2 g sample mass.

Accessories

  • 621-011-237 Carousel (11-place)
  • 621-010-956 Aluminum Foil Crucible (2.4 inch)
  • 621-011-507 Scoop

Sample Mass

~2.0 g

Method Reference

AOAC Official Method 930.15 Moisture in Animal Feed

Analysis Time

~2.5 hours

Method General Parameters

. .
Crucible Type Large Foil
Minimum Crucible Weight 1.10
Maximum Crucible Weight 1.75
Crucible Density 0.5
Sample Type Feed
Sample Density 1.5
Minimum Sample Weight 1.8
Maximum Sample Weight 2.5

 

Method Step Parameters

. .
Step Name Moisture
Ramp Rate 10.0 °C/min
Start Temperature 25.0 °C
End Temperature 135.0 °C
Hold Time 120 min
Maximum Time 240 min
Flow Rate 4.0 LPM
Final Weight At End of Step

 

Method Step Calculations

Calculation Name

Moisture

Calculation Equation

((((Initial Mass − Moisture Mass)) ÷ Initial Mass) x 100)

Procedure

  1. Create and/or choose a technique using the parameters mentioned above following the procedure in the TGM800 Instruction Manual.
  2. Login and load samples by following the procedure defined in the TGM800 Instruction Manual.

Typical Results—Fixed Drying Time, 2.4-inch Crucible

Sample Mass (g) % Moisture
Distillers Grain 1.9901 12.92
  2.0071 12.85
  2.0155 12.84
  2.0192 12.82
  2.1362 12.93
  2.0032 12.83
  2.2046 12.84
  Avg = 12.86
  s = 0.043
Corn Silage 2.0226 4.18
  2.0716 4.13
  2.0884 4.18
  2.0167 4.10
  2.0269 4.18
  2.0065 4.17
  2.0421 4.16
  Avg = 4.16
  s = 0.03
Corn Grain 2.0778 2.20
  2.0277 2.17
  2.0876 2.20
  2.0093 2.19
  2.0398 2.23
  2.0267 2.19
  2.0073 2.24
  Avg = 2.20
  s = 0.03
Hay 2.0094 3.39
  2.1150 3.37
  2.0561 3.41
  2.0175 3.38
  2.0935 3.45
  2.0136 3.37
  2.1129 3.40
  Avg = 3.40
  s = 0.03

 

Fixed Drying Time Method

With 1.5 inch crucible using ~1 g sample mass.

Accessories

  • 621-010-236 Aluminum Foil Crucible (1.5 inch)
  • 621-010-642 Carousel (17-place)
  • 621-011-507 Scoop

Sample Mass

~1.0 g

Analysis Time

~2.5 hours

Method General Parameters

. .
Crucible Type Small Foil
Minimum Crucible Weight 0.80
Maximum Crucible Weight 1.20
Crucible Density 0.5
Sample Type Feed
Sample Density 1.5
Minimum Sample Weight 0.80
Maximum Sample Weight 1.20

 

Method Step Parameters

. .
Step Name Moisture
Ramp Rate 10.0 °C/min
Start Temperature 25.0 °C
End Temperature 135.0 °C
Hold Time 120 min
Maximum Time 240 min
Flow Rate 4.0 LPM
Final Weight At End of Step

 

Method Step Calculations

Calculation Name

Moisture

Calculation Equation

((((Initial Mass - Moisture Mass)) ÷ Initial Mass) x 100)

Procedure

  1. Create and/or choose a technique using the parameters explained above following the procedure in the TGM800 Instruction Manual.
  2. Login and load samples following the procedure described in the TGM800 Instruction Manual.

Typical Results—Fixed Drying Time, 1.5 inch Crucible

Sample Mass (g) % Moisture
Distillers Grain 1.0257 12.52
  1.0058 12.5
  1.0177 12.5
  1.0402 12.53
  1.0561 12.51
  1.0146 12.51
  1.0480 12.54
  Avg = 12.52
  s = 0.012
Corn Silage 1.0265 3.97
  1.0079 4.06
  1.0296 4.06
  1.0346 4.00
  1.0769 4.01
  1.0069 4.02
  1.0493 4.05
  Avg = 4.02
  s = 0.04
Corn Grain 1.0157 2.19
  1.0227 2.14
  1.0071 2.17
  1.0101 2.20
  1.0027 2.16
  1.0036 2.16
  1.0356 2.20
  Avg = 2.17
  s = 0.02
Hay 1.0328 3.35
  1.0653 3.38
  1.0845 3.39
  1.0087 3.44
  1.0202 3.44
  1.0293 3.42
  1.0147 3.50
  Avg = 3.42
  s = 0.05

 

Mass Constancy Drying Time Method

With 2.4 inch crucible using ~1 g sample mass.

Accessories

  • 621-011-237 Carousel (11-place)
  • 621-010-956 Aluminum Foil Crucible (2.4 inch)
  • 621-011-507 Scoop

Sample Mass

~1.0 g

Analysis Time

~1.5 hours

Method General Parameters

. .
Crucible Type Large Foil
Minimum Crucible Weight 1.10
Maximum Crucible Weight 1.75
Crucible Density 0.5
Sample Type Feed
Sample Density 1.5
Minimum Sample Weight 0.80
Maximum Sample Weight 1.20

 

Method Step Parameters

. .
Step Name Moisture
Ramp Rate 10.0 °C/min
Start Temperature 25.0 °C
End Temperature 135.0 °C
Hold Time 0 min
Maximum Time 240 min
Flow Rate 4.0 LPM
Final Weight At Constancy
Constancy Window 9 min
Constancy Level 0.0010 g

 

Method Step Calculations

Calculation Name

Moisture

Calculation Equation

((((Initial Mass − Moisture Mass)) ÷ Initial Mass) x 100)

Procedure

  • Make and/or choose a technique using the parameters depicted above following the procedure in the TGM800 Instruction Manual.
  • Login and load samples following the procedure summarized in the TGM800 Instruction Manual.

Typical Results—Mass Constancy Drying Time, 2.4 inch Crucible

Sample Mass (g) % Moisture
Distillers Grain 0.9948 12.54
  0.9721 12.81
  1.0105 12.95
  1.0266 12.52
  1.0013 12.43
  1.0660 12.68
  1.0003 12.84
  Avg = 12.68
  s = 0.19
Corn Silage 1.0236 4.037
  1.0097 3.97
  1.0069 4.31
  1.0606 4.17
  1.0105 4.11
  1.0680 3.99
  1.0276 4.09
  Avg = 4.10
  s = 0.12
Corn Grain 1.0667 2.13
  1.0044 2.09
  1.0132 2.17
  1.0101 2.01
  1.0127 2.27
  1.0742 2.14
  1.0866 2.20
  Avg = 2.14
  s = 0.08
Hay 1.0645 3.49
  1.0145 3.28
  1.0191 3.41
  1.0281 3.26
  1.0796 3.17
  1.0275 3.30
  1.0019 3.28
  Avg = 3.31
  s = 0.11

 

This information has been sourced, reviewed and adapted from materials provided by LECO Corporation.

For more information on this source, please visit LECO Corporation.

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